首先：恭喜 三藩市巨人隊 在七場四勝制中，以直落四場橫掃 底特律老虎隊，成為 2012年度 MLB World Series 總冠軍。 San Francisco Giants sweep Detroit Tigers in 2012 World Series (NY Times)
New York Stock Exchange 預早宣報美國東岸週一停市，並密切關注是否週二仍然停市，僅暫停實體交易，但電子交易照常。上午收看 CNN 紐約市的公車經已停駛，總統 奧巴馬 放下競選的造勢大會，關注今次來犯的惡婆 Hurricane SANDY！
【BBC】At 23:00 EDT (03:00 GMT on Monday), the eye of the storm was about 470 miles (760km) south-east of New York City, according to the National Hurricane Center.
With winds of 75mph, it was expected to bring a "life-threatening" surge flood to the Mid-Atlantic coast, including Long Island Sound and New York Harbour.
The winds are expected to strengthen when Sandy makes landfall anywhere between Virginia and southern New England on Monday.
The prospect of merging with a wintry storm coming from the west during a full moon has many fearing dangerous high tides.
The storm is some 520 miles (835km) across. It is also very slow, moving north-east at just 15mph, and could linger over as many as 12 states for 24-36 hours, bringing up to 25cm of rain, 60cm of snow, extreme storm surges and power cuts.
States of emergency have been declared in Maryland, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Washington DC and a coastal county in North Carolina.
The two presidential election contenders have modified their campaign engagements, with Mitt Romney pulling out of an event in Virginia and Mr Obama cancelling rallies in Virginia and Colorado.
The president has pulled out of a Monday event in Ohio - considered a key swing state - in order to return to Washington monitor the storm - although he is still set to attend a rally with former President Bill Clinton in Florida earlier on Monday.
Visiting the Federal Emergency Management Agency (Fema) in Washington on Sunday, Mr Obama vowed his government would "respond big and respond fast" after Sandy had passed.
氣象預報直徑超過 800公哩的惡婆 Sandy，在美國東岸登陸的同時，將會碰上來自北美洲西部的大陸冬季風暴，從而在美國東海岸數個城市，造成強降雨或強降雪天氣。預報超過 100公哩的強烈風勢，夾着 25cm 的雨量和可能高達 60cm 的降雪，將會在 24-36小時襲擊美國東部 12個州。又兼且適逢滿月，潮汐可以加倍上升，造成廣泛的氾濫！
【CBC】The mayor of New York City has ordered the mandatory evacuation of hundreds of thousands of residents as Hurricane Sandy roars towards the east coast of the U.S. and parts of Canada, bringing punishing winds, heavy rainfall and storm surges.
At a news conference Sunday, Michael Bloomberg said about 375,000 people in a number of coastal areas including Coney Island, lower Manhattan and parts of the borough of Queens would need to leave their homes. He said those affected would have to stay with family and friends outside of the evacuation area or at one of the 72 shelters the city has set up.
Forecasters said that because of giant waves and high tides made worse by a full moon, the metropolitan area of about 20 million could get hit with a 3.4-metre wall of water.
Sandy, a Category 1 hurricane with sustained winds of 120 km/h as of Sunday evening, was blamed for 65 deaths in the Caribbean before it began traveling northward, parallel to the Eastern Seaboard. As of 8 p.m., it was centred about 780 kilometres southeast of New York City, moving at 24 km/h, with hurricane-force winds extending an incredible 280 kilometres from its centre.
In Washington, U.S. President Barack Obama declared a state of emergency in the District of Columbia and promised the government would "respond big and respond fast" after the storm hits.
"My message to the governors as well as to the mayors is anything they need, we will be there, and we will cut through red tape. We are not going to get bogged down with a lot of rules," he said.
He also pleaded for neighbourliness: "In times like this, one of the things that Americans do is we pull together and we help out one another And so, there may be elderly populations in your area. Check on your neighbour, check on your friend. Make sure that they are prepared. If we do, then we're going to get through this storm just fine."
Officials in New York have ordered the closure of its public transportation system, which began at 7 p.m. ET on Sunday, causing problems for those trying to leave the affected area on buses and subways.
"There really is a timeline when if you don’t get there before they stop, you’re going to have to find other ways to get out," Bloomberg said. He added that those who stay behind are putting their own lives at risk as well as those of any emergency personnel if they need to enter the affected areas.
A perfect storm 完美風暴 據 【維基百科】A "perfect storm" is an expression that describes an event where a rare combination of circumstances will aggravate a situation drastically. The term is also used to describe an actual phenomenon that happens to occur in such a confluence, resulting in an event of unusual magnitude.
剛剛遇着啱啱，巧合的無縫，冥冥中鑄錠就會發生 。。。。。。。
Starring：George Clooney，Mark Wahlberg，Diane Lane，John C. Reilly，Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio，William Fichtner，Bob Gunton，Karen Allen.
【維基百科】The Perfect Storm is a 2000 dramatic disaster film directed by Wolfgang Petersen. It is an adaptation of the 1997 non-fiction book of the same title by Sebastian Junger about the crew of the Andrea Gail that got caught in the Perfect Storm of 1991. The film stars George Clooney, Mark Wahlberg, William Fichtner, John C. Reilly, Diane Lane, Karen Allen and Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio.The film was released on June 30, 2000 by Warner Bros. Pictures.
這是真實事件被拍成電影，漁船的收穫不豐，船長決定再孤注一擲，出發到更遠的海域捕魚。初時的收穫仍然不佳，因此就愈駛愈遠 。。。
。。。。。
【維基百科】In October 1991, the swordfishing boat Andrea Gail returns to port in Gloucester, Massachusetts with a poor catch. Desperate for money, Captain Billy Tyne (Clooney), convinces the Andrea Gail crew to join him for one more late season fishing expedition. They head out past their usual fishing grounds, leaving a developing thunderstorm behind them. Initially unsuccessful, they head to the Flemish Cap, where their luck improves.
At the height of their fishing the ice machine breaks; the only way to sell their catch before it spoils is to hurry back to shore. After debating whether to sail through the building storm or to wait it out, the crew decide to risk the storm. However, between the Andrea Gail and Gloucester is a confluence of two powerful weather fronts and a hurricane, which the Andrea Gail crew underestimate.
終於得到美好的漁獲，但船上製冰機器卻壞了，為着保存豐收漁獲，他們必須趕回漁港卸貨。但是一個 perfect storm 卻在門前擋着，貪勝不知輸，船長和船員們決定不駛離避風，強行闖過 perfect storm！
【維基百科】After repeated warnings from other ships, the Andrea Gail loses her antenna, forcing a fellow ship to call in a Mayday. An Air National Guard rescue helicopter responds, but after failing to perform a midair refuel, the helicopter crew ditch the aircraft before it crashes, and all but one of the crew members are rescued by a Coast Guard vessel, the Tamaroa. The Andrea Gail endures various problems: with 40-foot (12m) waves crashing onto the deck, a broken stabilizer ramming the side of the ship, and two men thrown overboard. The crew decide to turn around to avoid further damage by the storm.
After doing so, the vessel encounters an enormous rogue wave. Billy tells Bobby to apply full power to ride over the wave; it seems that they may make it over, but the wave starts to plunder and the boat flips over. Billy elects to go down with his ship and only Bobby manages to surface. There are no survivors, however, and the film ends with Captain Greenlaw reading the eulogy at the memorial service, followed by Christina and Bobby's mother, Ethel, consoling each other on the dock and Billy's voice soliloquising about what it means to be a swordboat captain.
電影完結漁船在回程，正好遇上 完美風暴 perfect storm，給大浪吞噬了。就以天文氣象情況就有如今次 hurricane sandy，當年的 hurricane grace 瀛成災害主要在外海，美國本土有受影響但不及今次。
當年我看完電影後，還趁去北美旅遊時，自駕游到波士頓，再北上 Gloucester, Massachusetts 這個小漁港勾留了一個下午。我雖不滿美國政府的霸權主義，但不贊成有所謂”天譴論“，但願今次美國東岸的人民能平安渡過風暴！
後記：
Hurricane Sandy 發惡，美國東岸一片狼藉！
The aftermath 。。。
紐約地鐵和隧道被氾濫的海水湧入！
王后區的大火燒毀50間屋
曼克頓的一個電力變壓站發生爆炸
一個興建中超高樓的吊臂被風吹斷搖搖欲墜
高桅帆船 HMS Bounty 沉沒
在山區雨水碰上北方的寒流變成雪
為何 hurricane sandy 咁惡
本港的 有線電視 也有專題解釋，為何 hurricane sandy 會由只是 Cat 1 hurricane，變成大惡婆破壞力驚人，這叫做：後熱帶氣旋，與本來是熱帶氣旋的 sandy，經已完全不同。
【有線電視】颶風「桑迪」登陸之前，由熱帶氣旋轉化成後熱帶氣旋，那麼實質上即是起了什麼變化？
颶風「桑迪」原本是熱帶氣旋，在熱帶海域形成，靠溫暖的海水提供能量，再透過對流產生動力。
但是當熱帶氣旋登陸、遠離海洋之後，這套機制就很難維持，通常氣旋的能量只會一直流失，走向衰亡的結局。但是凡事都有例外，就好像颶風「桑迪」一樣，登陸之後碰巧遇上一道冷鋒，兩邊的空氣一冷一暖，溫差產生的冷風與暖風，風向亦都是相反，在颶風「桑迪」兩邊錯開。夾在中間的「桑迪」，反而獲得一股旋轉動力，令風眼得以維持。
加上在這個緯度，大氣層高處還有一股高空急流，亦都間接為「桑迪」補充能量，所以這一刻的「桑迪」，能量來源已經與「熱帶氣旋」完全不同，轉化成另一種形態，稱為後熱帶氣旋。
這種轉化通常在高緯度才會出現，而實際變化是氣旋的中心會由原本的暖核心變為冷核心，而氣旋的範圍亦會大幅擴大，令更多地區受風雨影響。
雖然現時「桑迪」風力減弱，不過一般而言，熱帶氣旋轉化成後熱帶氣旋，能量不一定會減少，仍然要留意有沒有進一步變化。 （看片）
伸延閱覽：
San Francisco Giants sweep Detroit Tigers in 2012 World Series NY Times
Hurricane Sandy: US states begin storm shutdown BBC
Eastern U.S. braces for Hurricane Sandy CBC
Perfect Storm 維基百科
Hurricane Grace 1991 維基百科
The Perfect Storm （movie） 維基百科
Gloucester Massachusetts 維基百科
後熱帶氣旋與熱帶氣旋的不同 有線新聞
2 comments:
SBB:
Excellent reporting !!!
Sandy is one enormous storm system that affects all the way to Canada. In Ottawa, the wet wind has been howling all nite and all day. One woman was killed in T.O.
oh! Dear Hari big brother, in two occasions I visted NYC the big apple driving in so I got some knowledge of the city！
Was the only casualty in canada that woman killed by an fallen object under the Staples sign？？？
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